Laurus nobilis Bay Related species:
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In Classical times, the bay tree
was dedicated to Apollo, the patron of music and poetry - hence, the title
"Poet Laureate" and the French "baccalaureate". Bay leaves
were used as a symbol for glory, forming the crowns that were awarded to
poets and heroes, and they were used as protection against evil, witches,
devils, thunder and lightning. The Romans placed a bay leaf behind one
ear to avoid overdrinking at banquets, and branches of bay were burned
with juniper in public places in times of plague.
Bay berries are taken as medicine for flatulence, and their oils can be rubbed onto the skin to relieve bruises and sprains. Essential oils contained in the leaves aid digestion and stimulate the appetite. A few leaves kept in grain and flour bins discourage weevils and ants. Bay leaves add flavour to marinades, stews and casseroles, fish, poultry and game dishes. Only the leaves are used in cooking, and should never be kept longer than two years as they lose their flavour. Bay leaves are an essential part of bouquet garni. Bay is difficult to grow from seed, but cuttings taken in early summer usually succeed if planted out in a sunny, well-drained position in lightly composted soil. The leaves can be picked all year round, and should be allowed to dry out for at least 12 hours before use. They taste slightly bitter when fresh, but sweeten as they dry and become strongly aromatic. |